Which topology is defined by devices being fully interconnected so each device has direct links to every other device?

Which topology is defined by devices being fully interconnected so each device has direct links to every other device?

• A. Mesh topology
• B. Ring topology
• C. Star topology
• D. Bus topology

Answer: (A)

Direct connections between every pair of devices define a full mesh topology. In this setup, every device has a direct link to every other device, which provides multiple paths for data and makes the network highly fault-tolerant—if one link or path fails, others can carry the traffic without breaking communication. This is different from a ring, where each device connects to two neighbors to form a closed loop; a star, where all devices connect to a central hub; and a bus, where devices share a single communication backbone. The full mesh’s hallmark is the direct, one-to-one links between all pairs of devices, which offers the strongest redundancy and quickest failover, though it becomes very costly and complex as the network grows.

Direct connections between every pair of devices define a full mesh topology. In this setup, every device has a direct link to every other device, which provides multiple paths for data and makes the network highly fault-tolerant—if one link or path fails, others can carry the traffic without breaking communication.

This is different from a ring, where each device connects to two neighbors to form a closed loop; a star, where all devices connect to a central hub; and a bus, where devices share a single communication backbone. The full mesh’s hallmark is the direct, one-to-one links between all pairs of devices, which offers the strongest redundancy and quickest failover, though it becomes very costly and complex as the network grows.